Biographies
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Lives are grouped by their place in the Church's history. Each distinguishes
contemporary evidence from later tradition.
Apostles
| Biography |
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| Saint Peter |
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Scriptural witnesses, mission, leadership, Roman memory, martyrdom tradition, and reception. |
| Saint Paul |
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Jewish and Hellenistic setting, conversion, missions, letters, conflicts, and Roman memory. |
Church Fathers
| Biography |
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| Saint Jerome |
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Ascetic life, scholarship, translations, controversies, Bethlehem, cult, and iconography. |
| Saint Augustine of Hippo |
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Self-witness, episcopate, controversies, intellectual development, cult, and contested legacy. |
Doctors of the Church
| Biography |
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Claude |
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| Saint Thomas Aquinas: Friar, Teacher, and the Work of Wisdom |
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Dominican vocation, schools, writings, disputed legacy, canonization, relics, and Thomistic reception. |
| Saint Robert Bellarmine: Controversy, Office, Pastoral Rule, and Reception |
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Jesuit formation, controversies, catechesis, curial and episcopal office, coercion, Galileo, spiritual writing, and reception. |
Early Christian Writers
| Biography |
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Claude |
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| Tertullian: The Rhetorician of Carthage and the Cost of Rigor |
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Carthage, apologetics, Christian practice, New Prophecy, transmission, and Catholic reception. |
| Origen: Scripture, School, and the Long Trial of a Teacher |
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Alexandrian formation, teaching, textual scholarship, conflict, survival, and later controversies. |